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Shaker Fever

America’s Twentieth-Century Fascination with a Communitarian Sect

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William D. Moore

Americans were enthralled by the Shakers in the years between 1925 and 1965. They bought Shaker furniture, saw Shaker worship services enacted on Broadway, sang Shaker songs, dressed in Shaker-inspired garb, collected Shaker artifacts, and restored Shaker villages. William D. Moore analyzes the activities of scholars, composers, collectors, folklorists, photographers, writers, choreographers, and museum staff who drove the national interest in this dwindling regional religious group.

This interdisciplinary study places the activities of individuals—including Doris Humphrey, Charles Sheeler, Laura Bragg, Juliana Force, and Edward Deming Andrews—within the larger cultural and historical contexts of nationalism, modernism, and cultural resource management. Taking up previously unexamined primary sources and cultural productions that include the first scholarly studies of the faith, material culture and visual arts, stage performances, and museum exhibitions, Shaker Fever compels a reconsideration of this religious group and its place within American memory. It is sure to delight enthusiasts, public historians, museum professionals, furniture collectors, and anyone interested in the dynamics of cultural appropriation and stewardship.

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Cover design by Kristina Kachele Design, llc
Cover photo by Barbara Morgan

Contents

Acknowledgments

Introduction
Shaker Fever

Chapter 1
Visualizing the Shakers
The Early Museum Exhibits at the New York State Museum, the Berkshire Museum, and the Whitney Museum of American Art

Chapter 2
“A Native Tradition with a Future”
The Shakers, the New Deal, and National Design

Chapter 3
“Using Material from Our Own History in the Arts”
Performing the Shakers, 1930–1950

Chapter 4
Instituting a Shaker Museum
The Shaker Museum at Old Chatham and the Yale University Art Gallery

Chapter 5
“Real Americana”
Shaker Pageants, Adapted Sites, Folk Music, and Heritage Tourism

Chapter 6
Opening the Villages to the Public, 1955–1965

Postscript
“Borrowed Light”
Persistent Symptoms of Shaker Fever

Notes

Index

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